Priorities for U.S. Participation in International AI Capacity-Building

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to transform global economies and societies, the frameworks governing its development and deployment are increasingly taking shape on the international stage. The United States, traditionally a leader in AI innovation, now faces the risk of exclusion from the collaborative structures that will dictate AI governance for much of the world’s population. While domestic debates and inward-looking policies dominate U.S. discourse, other nations, notably China, are actively constructing the infrastructure to influence global AI norms and standards.

In July 2024, China achieved a significant milestone by securing the adoption of its resolution on AI capacity-building at a major international forum. This resolution underscores China’s strategic approach to embedding itself within the global AI governance architecture. By focusing on capacity-building, China is not only promoting AI development but also shaping the rules and priorities that will guide AI’s global trajectory. This move highlights a broader trend where emerging powers leverage multilateral institutions to assert influence, potentially sidelining the U.S. if it does not engage proactively.

The U.S. faces several challenges in this evolving landscape. First, there is a need to balance domestic regulatory concerns with international cooperation. While internal debates about AI risks and benefits are crucial, they should not preclude active participation in global discussions where foundational governance frameworks are established. Second, the U.S. must invest in capacity-building initiatives that support AI development in lower- and middle-income countries, fostering partnerships that align with democratic values and human rights principles. Without such engagement, these countries may gravitate towards frameworks shaped by less transparent or authoritarian models.

Moreover, the implications of U.S. disengagement extend beyond governance. AI capacity-building efforts influence technological standards, data sharing protocols, and ethical norms. If the U.S. cedes leadership, it risks losing influence over these critical dimensions, which could have downstream effects on national security, economic competitiveness, and the global balance of power. Conversely, proactive U.S. involvement can help ensure that AI technologies are developed and deployed in ways that promote transparency, fairness, and respect for individual rights.

To address these priorities, the U.S. should adopt a multi-faceted strategy. This includes re-engaging with international organizations where AI governance is being negotiated, increasing funding for collaborative AI research and development projects, and supporting capacity-building programs that empower a diverse range of countries. Additionally, fostering public-private partnerships can leverage American technological expertise while aligning with broader diplomatic goals.

In summary, the global AI governance landscape is rapidly evolving, and the U.S. must recalibrate its approach to maintain influence. By prioritizing international engagement and capacity-building, the U.S. can help shape AI’s future in a manner consistent with its values and interests, ensuring it remains a central actor in this critical domain.